Google does not feed its users' names into the CNAM LIDB (the industry database(s) of numbers matched to names).
Google Voice will display a caller's name, if a) that caller is in your Google Contacts, or b) that caller is a business known to Google's vast database of business information.
Google Voice uses the same Google Contacts system as all the other Google services, like Gmail, Calendar, etc.
You cannot do anything as a Google Voice user to make your name appear to all called parties, unless every single one of them has you in their Google Contacts.