In the USA caller phone provider transmits the phone number only. CNAM (your name) is not transmitted at all. The dialed phone provider company
may look fro the number at some DB, find CNAM and then show it to the recipient. That's how the old PSTN works here... It's weird, of cause, (number is transmitted, but name is not?) but it was developed by old telephony monopoly in earlier days to make money from customers, who want to pay for the name resolution as a separate service...
Now, possible solution is - you have to register your name by yourself and associate it with your phone number with some service, for example,with
http://www.listyourself.net/. Be careful though. Make sure that you register your phone number with DNC (DoNotCall) list first, then wait for 31 days and only after that register your name with the phone. Otherwise you'll get a lot of telemarketer (spam) calls...
VoIP phones can transmit both the phone number and your name...