When you choose to block an unknown caller at google voice, it asks you "are you sure you want to block Unknown.680d21512dca830819c8ea5fb55dd2984b7b87b4?"
The number displayed is the same every time that particular caller calls you. If someone blocks their caller id and calls you, and you elect to block that unknown call. All future calls from that number will be blocked even if they don't block their caller id in the future. All past calls from that number will also be marked as blocked, even if they are in your contact list.
If you get unwanted calls and suspect that it is someone you know, that has called you before. You can block the unwanted unknown call and all past calls from that number will show as blocked also, and you can see if your suspicion was correct.
I have one particular guy that calls and has his cid blocked. On one occasion when he left a voicemail I used the block caller feature to obtain the number like appears above. I put that number in his contact notes. When I receive an unknown caller I can compare it to his and make sure it wasn't him before I block the caller.