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My understanding is in this case setting up a USA Google Voice number is not required.
Technically, the OBi devices are actually using the old Google Chat (XMPP) protocol for outbound calling; this is independent of any GV phone number you may or may not have, so, no, you do not need a Google Voice phone number to make outbound calls. The calls will display a generic Google phone number as the caller ID. So, if your callers are unwilling to answer calls from unknown numbers, that might be an issue, unless you advise them in advance.
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Q1: Am I losing out on any great features by not setting up a USA Google Voice number?
That's a matter of personal preference and opinion, depending on whether or not those features are valuable to you. Many of the features can be duplicated or approximated by using a good SIP VoIP provider instead of, or in addition to, GV. Officially, GV is only intended for users located within the 48-state USA geography. Google isn't going to send the RCMP after you, but you do need a US-based forwarding phone number to authenticate your account when you request a new inbound number from GV.
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Q2: Is there any setup I need to do on my gmail account so that overeas outgoing calls are funded? (I already have a Google wallet account which was setup to allow purchase of Android apps)
To add funds to be used for international calling, use a laptop or desktop computer web browser, not a mobile device, and sign into your Google Voice account, here:
https://www.google.com/voice#billingClicking the "add credit" button will enable you to purchase credit using your Wallet account.